Wrist Arthroscopy: Can We Gain Proficiency Through Knee Arthroscopy Simulation?

OBJECTIVE: Wrist arthroscopy is a challenging discipline with limited training exposure during residency. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual knee arthroscopy simulation training for gaining proficiency in wrist arthroscopy.

DESIGN: Participants were recorded performing a cadaveric wrist arthroscopy simulation. The residents then practiced knee arthroscopy on a virtual reality simulator and repeated the wrist arthroscopy simulation. All videos were blinded prior to assessment. Proficiency was graded using the Arthroscopic Surgery Skill Evaluation Tool global rating scale. In addition, participants were asked to complete a survey assessing the value of the virtual reality knee arthroscopy simulator for wrist arthroscopy.

SETTING: Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Program, Carolinas Medical Center, a large, public, nonprofit hospital located in Charlotte, North Carolina.

PARTICIPANTS: Orthopaedic residents at our center were asked to participate in the simulation training. Participation was voluntary and nonincentivized. All orthopaedic residents at our institution (N = 27) agreed to participate. In total, there were 10 Intern (PGY-0 and PGY-1), 10 Junior (PGY-2 and PGY-3), and 7 Senior (PGY-4 and PGY-5) residents. In addition, a fellowship-trained hand surgeon was recruited to participate in the study, performing the wrist arthoscopy simulation. Two additional fellowship-trained hand surgeons, for a total of 3, assessed the blinded videos.

RESULTS: There was a trend toward better wrist Arthroscopic Surgery Skill Evaluation Tool scores by training level, although the difference was not statistically significant. Interns improved by an average of 1.8 points between baseline and postknee simulation tests. Junior and senior residents decreased by 1.6 and 5.0 points, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Knee arthroscopy simulation training did not objectively improve wrist arthroscopy proficiency among residents. A wrist-specific arthroscopy simulation program is needed if measurable competence through simulation is desired.