Usefulness of dual-phase cone-beam computed tomography during arteriography and automated tumour-feeder detection software in transarterial embolization for obscure arterial bleeding in the abdomen.

We report the usefulness of dual-phase cone-beam computed tomography during angiography (CBCTA) and automated tumour-feeder detection software (AFD) in transarterial embolization (TAE) for three consecutive cases of obscure arterial bleeding in the abdomen. Two patients presented with lower gastrointestinal bleeding and one showed bleeding into the pancreatic pseudocyst. Superior mesenteric or common hepatic angiography did not demonstrate extravasation, but dual-phase CBCTA and AFD could identify extravasation and an access route to the bleeding point. TAE with gelatin sponge particles and a microcoil was successfully performed under AFD guidance in all patients without any complication, and haemostasis could be achieved.