The evaluation of peri-implant sulcus fluid osteocalcin, osteopontin, and osteonectin levels in peri-implant diseases.

BACKGROUND: Peri-implant mucositis is an inflammation of the soft tissues surrounding an implant. Peri-implantitis refers to a process characterized by peri-implant bone loss along with an inflammation of the soft tissues. Osteocalcin, osteopontin, and osteonectin proteins are related to bone remodeling. The aim of the present study was to investigate peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) osteocalcin, osteopontin, and osteonectin levels in peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.

METHODS: Fifty-two implants with peri-implantitis, 46 implants with peri-implant mucositis, and 47 control implants were included in the study. Clinical parameters including probing depth, modified sulcus bleeding index and modified plaque index were recorded. PISF osteocalcin, osteopontin, and osteonectin levels were analyzed by ELISA kits.

RESULTS: There were no significant differences in PISF osteocalcin, osteopontin, and osteonectin total amounts between healthy controls, peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis groups (P > 0.05). Probing depths were not correlated with PISF osteocalcin, osteopontin, and osteonectin levels in the study groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Soft tissue inflammation around dental implants does not cause a change in osteocalcin, osteopontin, and osteonectin levels in PISF. Also, peri-implantitis does not seem to give rise to an increase in PISF levels of osteocalcin, osteopontin, and osteonectin.