Canaloplasty versus Nonpenetrating Deep Sclerectomy: 2-Year Results and Quality of Life Assessment.

Purpose: To compare phacocanaloplasty (PC) and phaco-non-penetrating deep sclerectomy (PDS).

Methods: 75 patients with uncontrolled glaucoma and cataract were randomized for PC (37 eyes) or PDS (38 eyes). Intraocular pressure (IOP) and number of medications (meds) were prospectively evaluated. Follow-up examinations were performed on days 1 and 7 and after 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Surgical success was calculated. Complications and postoperative interventions were noted. Quality of life (QoL) was analyzed.

Results: Preoperatively, mean IOP and meds were comparable ( P > 0.05). After 24 months, IOP significantly decreased in PC from 19.4 ± 5.9 mmHg (2.6 ± 0.9 meds) to 13.8 ± 3.3 mmHg (0.5 ± 0.9 meds) and in PDS from 19.7 ± 5.4 mmHg (2.9 ± 0.9 meds) to 15.1 ± 2.9 mmHg (1.1 ± 1.2 meds). Statistically lower IOP was observed in PC in the 6th month and persisted until 24 months ( P < 0.05). No difference was found in meds (except for month 18, in which less drugs were used in PC ( P = 0.001)) or success rates ( P > 0.05). The most frequent complication in PC was transient hyphema (46%), in PDS bleb fibrosis (24%). PC patients during postoperative period required only goniopuncture (22% of subjects), whereas PDS patients required, in order to maintain subconjuctival outflow, subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil injections in 95% of cases (median = 3), suture lysis (34%), needling (24%), and goniopuncture (37%). NEI VFQ-25 mean composite score for PC was 78.04 ± 24.36 points and for PDS 74.29 ± 24.45 ( P = 0.136). α Cronbach's correlation coefficient was 0.913.

Conclusions: PC leads to a more effective decrease in IOP than PDS in midterm observation with similar safety profiles. PDS patients required a vast number of additional procedures in contrast to PC patients, but this fact did not influence QoL.