Influence of additional reinforcement of fixed long-term temporary restorations on fracture load.

PURPOSE: In implant dentistry, temporary restorations (TR) might often be required for up to one year. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the long-time performance of four-unit TRs in the posterior region based on different materials and reinforcement methods.

METHODS: One hundred and forty four TRs were manufactured on 16 models simulating an oral situation of two missing posterior teeth. With a computer-aided-design/computer-aided-manufacturing (CAD/CAM) workflow, a TR was fabricated (CAD; Telio CAD), which served as a template for other subgroups. With a vacuum-formed template, unreinforced and reinforced TRs [glass fibres (g; EverStick); polyethylenefibres (p; Ribbond original) and TRs with increased connector area (c; 27.5-35mm2 )] were manufactured. Two different composite materials were used (C1: Luxatemp, C2: Protemp). Altogether, 16 subgroups with 8 specimens each were tested. After temporary luting (Temp Bond NE) and artificial-aging [1600 thermo-cycles (5-55°C), 240,000 chewing-cycles (50N)], all specimens were tested until fracture in a universal testing machine.

RESULTS: After artificial aging, mean fracture loads (N) were: (C1)201.2±109.7, (C1c)1033.0±173.1, (C1p)90.0±40.0, (C1g)75.9±25.9, (C2)108.6±58.6, (C2c)1363.3±148.6, (C2p)104.7±54.7, (C2g)50.0±0.0 and (CAD)232.5±19.1. The one-factor ANOVA analysis showed significant differences for the factors temporary material (p<0.047), reinforcement (p<0.0001) and artificial-aging (p<0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS: The study indicated that both CAD/CAM TRs and TRs with increased connector areas are suitable for long-term use of one year. No enhancement of fracture load was observed for fibre-reinforced TRs except for the fact that fractured TRs were not totally separated.