From competition to compassion: A caregiving approach to intervening with appearance comparisons.

This study used a novel intervention grounded in social mentalities theory to compare the effects of cultivating a caregiving versus competitive mentality when intervening with appearance comparisons. For 48 hours, 120 female undergraduates were randomly assigned to use one of three strategies whenever they made unfavorable appearance comparisons: cultivating compassion and loving-kindness toward the comparison target (Caregiving); comparing themselves favorably to the target in non-appearance domains of superiority (Competition); or distracting themselves (Control). Although there was no main effect of condition, trait social comparison orientation interacted with condition to predict outcomes. Among women engaging more frequently in social comparison, the Caregiving condition was more effective than the Competition condition at reducing body dissatisfaction, restrained eating, and body, eating, and exercise-related comparisons. Findings suggest that cultivating a compassion-focused, caregiving mentality when threatened by appearance comparisons could be beneficial to women who engage more frequently in social comparison.