Treating patients in a trauma room equipped with computed tomography and patients' mortality: a non-controlled comparison study.

Background: To improve acute trauma care workflow, the number of trauma centers equipped with a computed tomography (CT) machine in the trauma resuscitation room has increased. The effect of the presence of a CT machine in the trauma room on a patient's outcome is still unclear. This study evaluated the association between a CT machine in the trauma room and a patient's outcome.

Methods: Our study included all trauma patients admitted to a trauma center in Yokohama, Japan, between April 2014 and March 2016. We compared 140 patients treated using a conventional resuscitation room with 106 patients treated in new trauma rooms equipped with a CT machine.

Results: For the group treated in a trauma room with a CT machine, the Injury Severity Score (13.0 vs. 9.0; p  = 0.002), CT scans of the head (78.3 vs. 66.4%; p  = 0.046), CT scans of the body trunk (75.5 vs. 58.6%; p  = 0.007), intubation in the emergency department (48.1 vs. 30.7%; p  = 0.008), and multiple trauma patients (47.2 vs. 30.0%; p  = 0.008) were significantly higher and Trauma and Injury Severity Score probability of survival (96.75 vs. 97.80; p  = 0.009) was significantly lower than the group treated in a conventional resuscitation room. In multivariate analysis and propensity score matched analysis, being treated in a trauma room with a CT machine was an independent predictor for fewer hospital deaths (odds ratio 0.002; 95% CI 0.00-0.75; p  = 0.04, and 0.07; 0.00-0.98, respectively).

Conclusions: Equipping a trauma room with a CT machine reduced the time in decision-making for treating a trauma patient and subsequently lowered the mortality of trauma patients.