Fast start-up anammox process using Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) containing supernatant.

N-dodecanoyl homoserine lactone (C12 -HSL) was detected in the supernatant of an anammox granular sludge reactor (AGSR). C12 -HSL could enhance the specific anammox activity of anammox biomass. Adding C12 -HSL-containing AGSR supernatant into the continuously stirred tank reactors reduced the start-up time of the anammox process from 80 to 66days. Moreover, the nitrogen loading rate was also enhanced to 1.6 times that of the control reactor. AHLs could increase the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances and anammox obtained better enrichment with the addition of AHLs-containing AGSR supernatant. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis further revealed that AHLs played a role in mediating microbial community parameters. In conclusion, adding AHL-containing supernatant could be an effective and economical way to accelerate the start-up of anammox.