Epidemiological, clinical and pronostic aspects of multiple myeloma eligible for therapeutic intensification followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell in the Algerian West: report of 147 cases.

BACKGROUND: Multiple Myeloma (MM) represent about 1 to 2% of cancers and 15% of all hematological malignancies. It is characterized by malignant proliferation of plasmocytes in bone marrow and an excess of secreted monoclonal immunoglobulins (Ig) Objective: Describe the epidemiological, clinical, biological and prognosis of patients with MM treated with autologous peripheral hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (APHSCT) in the Algerian West.

METHODS: It is a retrospective descriptive study covering all MM patients treated with APHSCT over a period of 7 years (2008-2015) at service of Haematology and Cell Therapy of the EHU "1er November 1954 of Oran, Algeria.

RESULTS: During the study, we collected 147 MM patients treated with APHSCT. The median age of the population was 53 years with a male predominance and a sex ratio of 1.53. Clinically, bone syndrome was found in 75.51% of cases. Paraclinaclly, anemia was found in 78.52% of patients, hyperprotidemy in 59.06%. A monoclonal peak in serum protein electrophoresis was noted in 80.54% of cases. Isotype repartition was: IgG (61.04%), IgA (19.17%), monoclonal light chains (16.11%). A plasmocytosis more than 10% was detected in 89.79% of cases. According to the Durie and Salmon classification, all of our patients were classified as stage III. The average survival time was thirty months.

CONCLUSION: The majority of our patients had advanced stage of MM to the presentation and the median survival was not reached thus emphasizing a high rate of remission and marks an important advance in the care of MM in Algeria.