Risk of hysterectomy and salpingectomy or oophorectomy compared to repair after pelvic gynecologic trauma.

PURPOSE: Pelvic gynecologic trauma (PGT) includes injury to the uterus, ovaries or fallopian tubes. We hypothesized Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥ 25, hypotension on admission and age ≥ 51 (average age for menopause) would be independent risk factors for resection compared to repair.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank was performed between 2007 and 2015.

RESULTS: Of 2,040,235 female patients, 1938 (< 0.1%) presented with PGT with the majority sustaining injury to the ovary or fallopian tubes (52.9%). Most patients were managed nonoperatively (77.1 vs 22.9%). On multivariable analysis, in patients with injury to the uterus, ISS ≥ 25 (OR 3.52, CI 1.67-7.48, p < 0.05) was associated with higher risk for hysterectomy compared to repair. In patients with injury to the ovaries or fallopian tubes, gunshot wound (OR 3.73, CI 1.43-9.68, p < 0.05) was associated with a higher risk for salpingectomy or oophorectomy compared to repair. Age ≥ 51 and hypotension on admission were not independent risk factors for resection in patients with PGT. Operative treatment was associated with a lower risk for mortality in patients with an injury to the uterus (OR 0.27, CI 0.14-0.51, p < 0.001) or ovaries/fallopian tubes (OR 0.37, CI 0.19-0.72, p < 0.001) compared to those managed nonoperatively.

CONCLUSION: In the largest study reported, PGT occurred in < 0.1% of traumas involving women. Patients with ISS ≥ 25 have higher risk for hysterectomy compared to repair. Gunshot injuries have higher risk for salpingectomy or oophorectomy compared to repair. Hypotension on arrival or age ≥ 51 are not independent risk factors for resection in PGT. Operative management is associated with lower risk of mortality in PGT patients.