The effectiveness of remote monitoring of elderly patients after hospitalisation for heart failure: The renewing health European project.

Background: The effectiveness of remote monitoring (RM) in the management of the elderly after hospitalisation for heart failure (HF) is uncertain.

Methods and results: Randomized trial (2:1 design) comparing RM with usual care (UC) in patients >65 years old, hospitalised in the previous 3 months for HF with left ventricular ejection fraction <40% or >40% plus BNP > 400 (or NT-proBNP >1500); the primary end-point (PE) was the combined 12-month incidence of death by any cause or at least one hospital readmission for HF. Overall, 229 and 110 pts were enrolled in the RM and UC group, respectively; in the intention-to-treat analysis, the PE was reached in 101 (44.1%) and 51 (46.4%) patients in the RM and UC group respectively (p = 0.78), with no difference in mortality (24.0% vs 21.8%, p = 0.097) or in the proportion of patients with at least one rehospitalisation for HF (34.5% vs 39.1%, p = 0.48). Quality of life, secondary end-point measured by SF36v2 scores, was significantly improved in the RM group, both in physical (2.63 score difference, p < 0.0001) and mental (1.69 score difference, p = 0.04) components. In the on-treatment analysis comparing 190 patients that ultimately received RM with the 149 remaining patients, the primary end-point was reached in 40.0% vs 51.0% (p = 0.055), respectively.

Conclusion: In the intention-to-treat analysis, during the 12-month follow up of elderly patients hospitalised for HF, remote monitoring had no impact on the primary end-point but it significantly improved patients' quality of life. In the on-treatment analysis a trend for improving the PE was observed in the RM group.