[Research progress on genes mutations related to sulfa drug resistance in Pneumocystis jirovecii ].

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is an opportunistic infection among immunocompromised people. Studies have found that the increased resistance to sulfa drugs of Pneumocystis jirovecii may be associated with the mutation of dihydropteroate synthase ( DHPS ) gene and dihydrofolate reductase ( DHFR ) genes, but the mechanism is still unclear. The mutation of DHPS and DHFR genes may be the result of sulfa drugs selection or spontaneous genetic polymorphism, and it can be acquired from person-to-person transmission. This article reviews the cause, molecular epidemiology of DHPS and DHFR gene mutation, and the relationship between DHPS and DHFR gene mutation and clinical outcomes.