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Non-destructive and rapid evaluation of aflatoxins in brown rice by using near-infrared and mid-infrared spectroscopic techniques.

The applicability of near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was explored in this study to develop rapid, low-cost and non-destructive spectroscopic methods for classification and quantification of aflatoxins in brown rice. A total of 132 brown rice samples within the aflatoxin concentration range of 0-2435.8 μg/kg were prepared by artificially inoculated with A. flavus and A. parasiticus strains of fungus. For the classification of samples at varying levels of aflatoxin B1 , the linear discriminant analysis model obtained correct classification rate of 96.9 and 90.6% for NIR and MIR spectroscopy, respectively. For the simultaneous determination of aflatoxins B1 , B2 , G1 , G2 and the total aflatoxins, partial least squares regression also showed good predictive accuracy for both NIR ( r v  = 0.936-0.973, RPD = 2.5-4.0) and MIR spectroscopy ( r v  = 0.922-0.970, RPD = 2.5-4.0). The overall results indicated that the two spectroscopic techniques offered the feasibility to be used as alternative tools for rapid detection of various aflatoxin contaminations in grain.

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