Investigating the Longitudinal Effect of Ovariectomy on Bone Properties Using a Novel Spatiotemporal Approach.

Osteoporosis is the most common bone disease. However, the mechanism of osteoporosis-induced alterations in bone is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of osteoporosis on the structural, densitometric and mechanical properties of the whole tibia using in vivo μCT imaging, spatiotemporal analysis and finite element modeling. Twelve C57Bl/6 female mice were adopted. At 14 weeks of age, half of the mice were ovariectomized (OVX), and the other half were SHAM-operated. The whole right tibia was scanned using an in vivo μCT imaging system at 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22 weeks. The image datasets were registered in order to precisely quantify the bone properties. The results showed that OVX led to a significant increase in the endosteal area across the whole tibia 4 weeks after OVX intervention but did not have a significant influence on the periosteal area. Additionally, the bone volume and mineral content significantly decreased only in the proximal regions, but these decreases did not have a significant influence on the stiffness and failure load of the tibia. This study demonstrated the application of a novel spatiotemporal approach in the comprehensive analysis of bone adaptations in the spatiotemporal space.