Assessment of atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmia risk in patients with asthma by P wave/corrected QT interval dispersion.

OBJECTIVE: Although the relationship between obesity-asthma, obesity-atrial fibrillation (AF) and obesity-sudden cardiac death is clearly known, the risk of AF and ventricular arrhythmia has not been clearly determined in asthmatic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether AF, ventricular arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death risk were increased in asthmatic patients using P wave dispersion (PWD) and corrected QT interval dispersion (CQTD).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study. A total of 164 participants (88 patients with asthma and 76 healthy volunteers) were enrolled into the study. PWD and CQTD were measured and recorded in both groups. The statistical difference between the two groups was examined.

RESULTS: PWD was higher in the asthma patients than in control subjects (31.53 ± 3.18 vs. 30.33 ± 3.53, p = 0.023). However, there was no statistically difference between the groups in terms of CQTD measurement (43.9 ± 1.84 vs. 43.63 ± 2.06, p = 0.385). In comparison between control group and asthma subgroups (mild, moderate and severe), there was a statistically significant difference among these four groups in terms of PWD (p = 0.017). Subgroup analyses showed that this difference was mainly due to patients with severe asthma.

CONCLUSIONS: PWD value was elevated in asthmatic compared to the control group. The CQTD was not statistically significant between the groups. These results indicate that the risk of developing AF in asthmatic patients might be higher than in the normal population. Ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death risk may not be high in asthmatic patients.