Eudesmin attenuates Helicobacter pylori -induced epithelial autophagy and apoptosis and leads to eradication of H. pylori infection.

Eudesmin has been proven to possess anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, the effects of eudesmin on Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) -mediated autophagy, apoptosis, immune response and inflammation were determined in human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells in vitro and in C57BL/6 mice in vivo . Detection of the production of interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1β and immunoglobulin M (IgM) was performed using ELISA. Identification of the activation of apoptosis-associated caspase-3, -8 and -9 proteins, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and BH3 interacting domain death agonist (Bid) protein, was determined through western blot analysis. Autophagy microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3, isoform B (LC-3B) expression was measured using immunostaining. The results of the present study demonstrated that eudesmin inhibited the growth of H. pylori , with increased inhibition activity against antibiotic resistant strains compared with the reference strain. In addition, H. pylori -induced IL-8 secretion, LC-3B expression and apoptosis-associated protein (caspase-3, -8 and -9, Bax and Bid) activation in AGS cells was suppressed by eudesmin. Furthermore, eudesmin suppressed IL-1β and IgM production in H. pylori -infected C57BL/6 mice in vivo . In conclusion, eudesmin may be developed as a promising therapeutic agent to prevent and/or treat H. pylori -associated gastric inflammation.