Risk factors for ovarian involvement in young and premenopausal endometrioid endometrial cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of ovarian malignant involvement in young and premenopausal endometrioid endometrial cancer and study the possible risk factors.

METHODS: Premenopausal patients 45 years of age or younger with endometrioid endometrial cancer treated at the OB/GYN Hospital of Fudan University between 2009 and 2013 were identified. The incidence of ovarian malignant involvement in young and premenopausal endometrioid endometrial cancer patients were calculated and the possible risk factors were investigated.

RESULTS: A total of 144 younger (age ≤ 45, premenopausal) patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer were identified and coexisting malignant ovarian neoplasms were detected in 6 patients. Univariate analysis revealed that deeper myometrial invasion, positive lymphonode metastasis, positive LVSI, and high histologic grade (G2-G3) were associated with ovarian involvement in younger endometrial cancer patients. However, multivariate analysis revealed that only deep myometrial invasion was an independent risk factors for ovarian involvement (OR = 12.81, P = 0.046).

CONCLUSION: In conclusions, the incidence of coexisting ovarian malignant neoplasms in young and premenopausal patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer is low, and these findings may facilitate preoperative counseling of patients and decision making at the time of surgery.