Short- and long-term effects of clinical pathway on the quality of surgical non-small cell lung cancer care in China: an interrupted time series study.

Objective: To examine the short- and long-term effect of clinical pathway for non-small cell lung cancer surgery on the length of stay, the compliance of quality indicators and risk-adjusted post-operative complication rate.

Design: A retrospective quasi-experimental study from June 2011 to October 2015.

Setting: A tertiary cancer hospital in China.

Participants: Patients diagnosed as non-small cell lung cancer who underwent curative resection.

Intervention(s): Clinical pathway was implemented at January 2013. Hence, the study period was divided into three periods: pre-pathway, from June 2011 to December 2012; short-term period, from January 2013 to December 2013; long-term period, from January 2014 to October 2015.

Main Outcome Measure(s): Three length of hospital stay indicators, four process performance indicators and one outcome indicator.

Results: ITS showed there was a significant decline of 2 days (P = 0.0421) for total length of stay and 2.23 days (P = 0.0199) for post-operative length of stay right after the implementation of clinical pathway. Short-term level changes were found in the compliance rate of required number of lymph node sampling (-8.08%, P = 0.0392), and risk-adjusted complication rate (9.02%, P = 0.0001). There were no statistically significant changes in other quality of care indicators.

Conclusions: The clinical pathway had a positive impact on the length of stay but showed a transient negative effect on complication rate and the quality of lymph node sampling.