Nuclear Dependence of the Transverse-Single-Spin Asymmetry for Forward Neutron Production in Polarized p+A Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV.
C Aidala, Y Akiba, M Alfred, V Andrieux, K Aoki, N Apadula, H Asano, C Ayuso, B Azmoun, V Babintsev, A Bagoly, N S Bandara, K N Barish, S Bathe, A Bazilevsky, M Beaumier, R Belmont, A Berdnikov, Y Berdnikov, D S Blau, M Boer, J S Bok, M L Brooks, J Bryslawskyj, V Bumazhnov, C Butler, S Campbell, V Canoa Roman, R Cervantes, C Y Chi, M Chiu, I J Choi, J B Choi, Z Citron, M Connors, N Cronin, M Csanád, T Csörgő, T W Danley, M S Daugherity, G David, K DeBlasio, K Dehmelt, A Denisov, A Deshpande, E J Desmond, A Dion, D Dixit, J H Do, A Drees, K A Drees, M Dumancic, J M Durham, A Durum, T Elder, A Enokizono, H En'yo, S Esumi, B Fadem, W Fan, N Feege, D E Fields, M Finger, M Finger, S L Fokin, J E Frantz, A Franz, A D Frawley, Y Fukuda, C Gal, P Gallus, P Garg, H Ge, F Giordano, Y Goto, N Grau, S V Greene, M Grosse Perdekamp, T Gunji, H Guragain, T Hachiya, J S Haggerty, K I Hahn, H Hamagaki, H F Hamilton, S Y Han, J Hanks, S Hasegawa, T O S Haseler, X He, T K Hemmick, J C Hill, K Hill, R S Hollis, K Homma, B Hong, T Hoshino, N Hotvedt, J Huang, S Huang, K Imai, J Imrek, M Inaba, A Iordanova, D Isenhower, Y Ito, D Ivanishchev, B V Jacak, M Jezghani, Z Ji, X Jiang, B M Johnson, V Jorjadze, D Jouan, D S Jumper, J H Kang, D Kapukchyan, S Karthas, D Kawall, A V Kazantsev, V Khachatryan, A Khanzadeev, C Kim, D J Kim, E-J Kim, M Kim, M H Kim, D Kincses, E Kistenev, J Klatsky, P Kline, T Koblesky, D Kotov, S Kudo, K Kurita, Y Kwon, J G Lajoie, E O Lallow, A Lebedev, S Lee, M J Leitch, Y H Leung, N A Lewis, X Li, S H Lim, L D Liu, M X Liu, V-R Loggins, S Lökös, K Lovasz, D Lynch, T Majoros, Y I Makdisi, M Makek, M Malaev, V I Manko, E Mannel, H Masuda, M McCumber, P L McGaughey, D McGlinchey, C McKinney, M Mendoza, W J Metzger, A C Mignerey, D E Mihalik, A Milov, D K Mishra, J T Mitchell, G Mitsuka, S Miyasaka, S Mizuno, P Montuenga, T Moon, D P Morrison, S I M Morrow, T Murakami, J Murata, K Nagai, K Nagashima, T Nagashima, J L Nagle, M I Nagy, I Nakagawa, H Nakagomi, K Nakano, C Nattrass, T Niida, R Nouicer, T Novák, N Novitzky, R Novotny, A S Nyanin, E O'Brien, C A Ogilvie, J D Orjuela Koop, J D Osborn, A Oskarsson, G J Ottino, K Ozawa, V Pantuev, V Papavassiliou, J S Park, S Park, S F Pate, M Patel, W Peng, D V Perepelitsa, G D N Perera, D Yu Peressounko, C E PerezLara, J Perry, R Petti, M Phipps, C Pinkenburg, R P Pisani, A Pun, M L Purschke, P V Radzevich, K F Read, D Reynolds, V Riabov, Y Riabov, D Richford, T Rinn, S D Rolnick, M Rosati, Z Rowan, J Runchey, A S Safonov, T Sakaguchi, H Sako, V Samsonov, M Sarsour, K Sato, S Sato, B Schaefer, B K Schmoll, K Sedgwick, R Seidl, A Sen, R Seto, A Sexton, D Sharma, I Shein, T-A Shibata, K Shigaki, M Shimomura, T Shioya, P Shukla, A Sickles, C L Silva, D Silvermyr, B K Singh, C P Singh, V Singh, M J Skoby, M Slunečka, K L Smith, M Snowball, R A Soltz, W E Sondheim, S P Sorensen, I V Sourikova, P W Stankus, S P Stoll, T Sugitate, A Sukhanov, T Sumita, J Sun, S Syed, J Sziklai, A Takeda, K Tanida, M J Tannenbaum, S Tarafdar, A Taranenko, G Tarnai, R Tieulent, A Timilsina, T Todoroki, M Tomášek, C L Towell, R S Towell, I Tserruya, Y Ueda, B Ujvari, H W van Hecke, S Vazquez-Carson, J Velkovska, M Virius, V Vrba, N Vukman, X R Wang, Z Wang, Y Watanabe, Y S Watanabe, C P Wong, C L Woody, C Xu, Q Xu, L Xue, S Yalcin, Y L Yamaguchi, H Yamamoto, A Yanovich, P Yin, J H Yoo, I Yoon, H Yu, I E Yushmanov, W A Zajc, A Zelenski, S Zharko, L Zou
During 2015, the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) provided collisions of transversely polarized protons with Au and Al nuclei for the first time, enabling the exploration of transverse-single-spin asymmetries with heavy nuclei. Large single-spin asymmetries in very forward neutron production have been previously observed in transversely polarized p+p collisions at RHIC, and the existing theoretical framework that was successful in describing the single-spin asymmetry in p+p collisions predicts only a moderate atomic-mass-number (A) dependence. In contrast, the asymmetries observed at RHIC in p+A collisions showed a surprisingly strong A dependence in inclusive forward neutron production. The observed asymmetry in p+Al collisions is much smaller, while the asymmetry in p+Au collisions is a factor of 3 larger in absolute value and of opposite sign. The interplay of different neutron production mechanisms is discussed as a possible explanation of the observed A dependence.
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