The role of stereotactic body radiotherapy in reirradiation of head and neck cancer recurrence.

INTRODUCTION: Head and neck cancer recurrence is a therapeutic challenge due to the anatomical and functional constraints of the head and neck area. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a high-precision technique of radiotherapy that consists of delivering a high ablative biological dose in 1-5 high-dose fractions, requiring a very high precision of the radiotherapy process with potential application in this clinical setting METHODS: Different studies that investigate the role of SBRT in the treatment of recurrent head and neck cancer have been reviewed. Indications to properly select patients for this treatment are presented.

RESULTS: Retrospective studies and phase I-II trials with selected patients have shown low to moderate toxicity, with an efficacy at least similar to that of treatment with combinations of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In selected patients, SBRT is a treatment option for recurrent head and neck cancer with low toxicity.

DISCUSSION: New prospective studies should clarify data regarding the efficacy and toxicity of SBRT in head and neck cancer recurrence.