Moving in the Anthropocene: Global reductions in terrestrial mammalian movements.
Marlee A Tucker, Katrin Böhning-Gaese, William F Fagan, John M Fryxell, Bram Van Moorter, Susan C Alberts, Abdullahi H Ali, Andrew M Allen, Nina Attias, Tal Avgar, Hattie Bartlam-Brooks, Buuveibaatar Bayarbaatar, Jerrold L Belant, Alessandra Bertassoni, Dean Beyer, Laura Bidner, Floris M van Beest, Stephen Blake, Niels Blaum, Chloe Bracis, Danielle Brown, P J Nico de Bruyn, Francesca Cagnacci, Justin M Calabrese, Constança Camilo-Alves, Simon Chamaillé-Jammes, Andre Chiaradia, Sarah C Davidson, Todd Dennis, Stephen DeStefano, Duane Diefenbach, Iain Douglas-Hamilton, Julian Fennessy, Claudia Fichtel, Wolfgang Fiedler, Christina Fischer, Ilya Fischhoff, Christen H Fleming, Adam T Ford, Susanne A Fritz, Benedikt Gehr, Jacob R Goheen, Eliezer Gurarie, Mark Hebblewhite, Marco Heurich, A J Mark Hewison, Christian Hof, Edward Hurme, Lynne A Isbell, René Janssen, Florian Jeltsch, Petra Kaczensky, Adam Kane, Peter M Kappeler, Matthew Kauffman, Roland Kays, Duncan Kimuyu, Flavia Koch, Bart Kranstauber, Scott LaPoint, Peter Leimgruber, John D C Linnell, Pascual López-López, A Catherine Markham, Jenny Mattisson, Emilia Patricia Medici, Ugo Mellone, Evelyn Merrill, Guilherme de Miranda Mourão, Ronaldo G Morato, Nicolas Morellet, Thomas A Morrison, Samuel L Díaz-Muñoz, Atle Mysterud, Dejid Nandintsetseg, Ran Nathan, Aidin Niamir, John Odden, Robert B O'Hara, Luiz Gustavo R Oliveira-Santos, Kirk A Olson, Bruce D Patterson, Rogerio Cunha de Paula, Luca Pedrotti, Björn Reineking, Martin Rimmler, Tracey L Rogers, Christer Moe Rolandsen, Christopher S Rosenberry, Daniel I Rubenstein, Kamran Safi, Sonia Saïd, Nir Sapir, Hall Sawyer, Niels Martin Schmidt, Nuria Selva, Agnieszka Sergiel, Enkhtuvshin Shiilegdamba, João Paulo Silva, Navinder Singh, Erling J Solberg, Orr Spiegel, Olav Strand, Siva Sundaresan, Wiebke Ullmann, Ulrich Voigt, Jake Wall, David Wattles, Martin Wikelski, Christopher C Wilmers, John W Wilson, George Wittemyer, Filip Zięba, Tomasz Zwijacz-Kozica, Thomas Mueller
Animal movement is fundamental for ecosystem functioning and species survival, yet the effects of the anthropogenic footprint on animal movements have not been estimated across species. Using a unique GPS-tracking database of 803 individuals across 57 species, we found that movements of mammals in areas with a comparatively high human footprint were on average one-half to one-third the extent of their movements in areas with a low human footprint. We attribute this reduction to behavioral changes of individual animals and to the exclusion of species with long-range movements from areas with higher human impact. Global loss of vagility alters a key ecological trait of animals that affects not only population persistence but also ecosystem processes such as predator-prey interactions, nutrient cycling, and disease transmission.
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