Is there a Role for Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in the Detection and Biopsy of MRI Only Visible Breast Lesions?

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and CEUS-guided interventions in the diagnostics of MRI visible targeted US occult breast lesions.

Patients and methods: This retrospective study examined 10 females with 10 occult, MRI only detected breast lesions between July 2014 and April 2017. Targeted second look US followed by CEUS with 2.4 ml of SonoVue® were performed for all of the lesions. After positive CEUS localization the same dose was repeated for confirmation and CEUS-guided interventions were performed.

Results: MRI revealed 8 mass lesions with a mean size of 9 mm (range 5-16 mm) and 2 non-mass enhancing lesions of 10 and 20 mm in largest diameters. Targeted US revealed no morphological correlate for the lesions. Five out of 10 lesions (50%) were visible on CEUS. CEUS-guided core biopsy was performed on 4 lesions and 1 was marked with a clip for later surgical removal. Histopathological analysis confirmed 4 of them to be malignant. Three out of 5 nonvisible lesions on CEUS underwent MRI-guided interventions, 1 lesion was scheduled for follow-up as it was non-amenable for MRI biopsy, and 1 lesion was biopsied under US-guidance. Three of these nonvisible lesions on CEUS were confirmed to be malignant.

Conclusions: Based on our preliminary results, CEUS is a feasible tool for detecting many MRI only visible breast lesions, resulting in a more cost effective and less time-consuming practice. It is a more convenient alternative than MRI guided biopsy and has the potential to be included in the diagnostic algorithm which evaluates MRI only visible breast lesions.