Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of Mycoplasma gallisepticum from backyard and commercial turkey flocks in Iran.

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is economically important pathogen of poultry causes airsacculitis and frequently infraorbital sinusitis in turkeys. Infections may remain without clinical signs, but they can make birds susceptible to secondary infections. This study was carried out for molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of MG infections in commercial and backyard turkey flocks in some parts of Iran. A total number of 600 swab samples were collected from 18 commercial and 31 backyard turkey flocks. The PCR technique was performed for detecting 16S rRNA gene in the samples. Positive sample were subjected for sequencing of mgc2 gene. The results showed that 48.38% of backyard and 16.66% of commercial farms were positive for MG. These findings suggested the presence of MG in the commercial and backyard turkeys' farms of Iran. The molecular analysis indicated high sequence similarity between some Iranian turkeys isolates with Indian and Pakistanian MG isolates. Furthermore, substitutions of MG nucleic acids and correlated amino acids sequences may lead to some antigenic modifications.