Add like
Add dislike
Add to saved papers

Maxillary Sagittal Position in Relation to the Forehead: A Target for Orthognathic Surgery.

The relationship of the maxillary incisor to forehead position and angulation may be a predictor for the esthetic antero-posterior maxillary position in orthognathic surgery, but this has not been fully explored in the existing literature. Additionally, this analysis requires a lateral smiling photograph, which is not typically included in orthodontic/orthognathic records. This is a bidirectional study of Caucasian orthodontic patients with malocclusions correctable with nonsurgical and nonextraction treatment. Subjects for Group 1 were enrolled prospectively and records included a lateral smiling photograph. Group 2 patients were collected retrospectively with standard records. The analysis described in Andrews' Element II of The Six Elements of Orofacial Harmony was applied to the smiling photographs for Group 1, resulting in "Incisor- goal anterior limit line (GALL)" measurements. A modified analysis utilizing cephalometric tracings was applied for both the groups, and the results were compared. Forty-nine subjects with mean age 11.8 ± 1.2 years were included (n = 14 for Group 1, n = 35 for Group 2). Mean Incisor-GALL distances were 3.71 ± 5.39 mm for females and 4.47 ± 5.06 mm for males. Correlation between analyses was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.872). In conclusion, a modified approach to measuring the Incisor-GALL distance using standard orthodontic records correlated closely with the analysis described by Andrews. Normal values for this measurement are presented for Caucasian patients.

Full text links

We have located links that may give you full text access.
Can't access the paper?
Try logging in through your university/institutional subscription. For a smoother one-click institutional access experience, please use our mobile app.

For the best experience, use the Read mobile app

Mobile app image

Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university

For the best experience, use the Read mobile app

All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2024 by WebMD LLC.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.

By using this service, you agree to our terms of use and privacy policy.

Your Privacy Choices Toggle icon

You can now claim free CME credits for this literature searchClaim now

Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university

For the best experience, use the Read mobile app