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Photobacterium carnosum sp. nov., isolated from spoiled modified atmosphere packaged poultry meat.

Analysis of spoilage-associated microbiota of modified-atmosphere packaged poultry meat revealed four different bacterial isolates that could not be assigned to known species. They showed a Gram-negative staining behavior, were facultatively aerobic, non-motile with variable cell morphology. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA and gyrB, rpoD and recA revealed a distinct lineage within the genus Photobacterium with Photobacterium (P.) iliopiscarium DSM 9896T , P. phosphoreum DSM 15556T , P. kishitanii DSM 19954T , P. piscicola LMG 27681T and P. aquimaris DSM 23343T as closest relatives. The designated type strain TMW 2.2021T is non-luminous and grew at 0-20°C (optimum 10-15°C), within pH 5.0-8.5 (optimum 6-8) and in the presence of 0.5-3% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 1%). Major cellular fatty acids of TMW 2.2021T were summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c/iso-C15 3-OH), C16:0 , C18:1 ω7c and summed feature 2 (C12:0 aldehyde and C10.928 unknown). Quinone analysis revealed Q-8 as sole respiratory ubiquinone. The genome of TMW 2.2021T has a size of 4.56Mb and a G+C content of 38.49mol%. The ANI value between TMW 2.2021T and the type strain of closest relative P. iliopiscarium DSM 9896T was 91.43%. Fingerprinting on the base of M13-RAPD-PCR band pattern and MALDI-TOF MS profiles allowed intraspecies differentiation between our isolates but also supported their distinct lineage to a novel species. Based on phylogenetic, genomic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain TMW 2.2021T and further strains represent a novel species of the genus Photobacterium, for which the name Photobacterium carnosum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TMW 2.2021T (=DSM 105454T =CECT 9394T ).

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