Association of Antituberculosis Treatment and Lower Risk of Hyperlipidemia in Taiwanese Patients: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.

The association between anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatments and the risk of developing hyperlipidemia remains unclear. Data were obtained from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000 (LHID2000). The case group included patients newly diagnosed with hyperlipidemia (n=16,054) between 2006 and 2011 selected from the LHID2000. A four-fold number of hyperlipidemia-free cases (n=64,216) were matched with case patients by age, sex, and index year to create the control group. Univariable and multivariable unconditional logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between hyperlipidemia and anti-TB medication use. Patients that used isoniazid (INH) were significantly associated with a decreased risk of hyperlipidemia (OR=0.71, 95%CI=0.57-0.88). After adjustment for age, sex, urbanization level, and income as well as ethambutol, pyrazinamide, streptomycin, and anti-human immunodeficiency virus drug medications, a dose-dependent risk of hyperlipidemia was observed in the INH, rifampin (RIF), and INH and RIF groups with the ORs progressively decreasing as the cumulative dose increased. In the Taiwanese patients who used anti-TB medications, INH and RIF use was associated with a decreased risk of hyperlipidemia.