Review of manual small-incision cataract surgery.

Cataract surgery has undergone many changes with the size of incision progressively decreasing over time with an incision of 12.0 mm for intracapsular cataract extraction to 2.2-2.8 mm in phacoemulsification. However, phacoemulsification due to high cost and equipment maintenance cannot be employed widely in developing countries. Manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) offers similar advantages with the merits of wider applicability, less time consuming, a shorter learning curve, and lower cost. MSICS can be performed in high-volume setups due to fast technique. Here, we review the various techniques, safety and efficacy of MSICS, and its progress and utility in developing and underdeveloped countries.