Add like
Add dislike
Add to saved papers

Altered TNF-α response by Aconibal® and methotrexate in a lipopolysaccharide-induced setting of inflammatory conditions: Potential on a synergistic combination.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Aconitum carmichaelii (AC) is a common herbal medicine used as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent in Eastern Asia. In Korea, a commercial processed AC (Aconibal®) is traditionally used to treat the symptoms of spondylosis deformans and rheumatic pain.

AIM OF STUDY: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is systemic and autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation. Methotrexate (MTX) is often the first-line therapy for RA. If MTX monotherapy is ineffective or RA is initially severe, adding a tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitor to the treatment can be beneficial. However, its inhibitory effects on RA when combined with MTX are unknown. Therefore, we investigated the stable modulation of and synergistic to additive effect on TNF-α using AC combined with MTX (AMC).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: An inflammatory response mimicking RA was induced in the mouse macrophage cell line Raw 264.7 using interferon-γ or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We predicted that AC and MTX at a 3:1 ratio would have synergistic therapeutic effects and this was determined using the Chou-Talalay method of median effect analysis and CalcuSyn software. We analyzed the profiles of various inflammatory cytokine-related proteins using Search tool for retrieval of interacting genes and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes.

RESULTS: The expression levels of selected inflammatory immune mediators such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1α, chemokine ligand 5, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase were reduced via regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. AMC inhibited the levels of matrix metalloproteinases-1 and -3 in the human synovial cell line SW982.

CONCLUSIONS: Our data show for the first time the potential beneficial effects of AMC in RA management.

Full text links

We have located links that may give you full text access.
Can't access the paper?
Try logging in through your university/institutional subscription. For a smoother one-click institutional access experience, please use our mobile app.

For the best experience, use the Read mobile app

Mobile app image

Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university

For the best experience, use the Read mobile app

All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2024 by WebMD LLC.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.

By using this service, you agree to our terms of use and privacy policy.

Your Privacy Choices Toggle icon

You can now claim free CME credits for this literature searchClaim now

Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university

For the best experience, use the Read mobile app