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Interaction between Diethyldithiocarbamate and Cu(II) on Gold in Non-Cyanide Wastewater.
Sensors 2017 November 16
A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection method for environmental copper ions (Cu2+ ) was developed according to the vibrational spectral change of diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectra indicated that DDTC formed a complex with Cu2+ , showing a prominent peak at ~450 nm. We found Raman spectral changes in DDTC from ~1490 cm-1 to ~1504 cm-1 on AuNPs at a high concentration of Cu2+ above 1 μM. The other ions of Zn2+ , Pb2+ , Ni2+ , NH₄⁺, Mn2+ , Mg2+ , K⁺, Hg2+ , Fe2+ , Fe3+ , Cr3+ , Co2+ , Cd2+ , and Ca2+ did not produce such spectral changes, even after they reacted with DDTC. The electroplating industrial wastewater samples were tested under the interference of highly concentrated ions of Fe3+ , Ni2+ , and Zn2+ . The Raman spectroscopy-based quantification of Cu2+ ions was able to be achieved for the wastewater after treatment with alkaline chlorination, whereas the cyanide-containing water did not show any spectral changes, due to the complexation of the cyanide with the Cu2+ ions. A micromolar range detection limit of Cu2+ ions could be achieved by analyzing the Raman spectra of DDTC in the cyanide-removed water.
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