Usefulness of abbreviated breast MRI screening for women with a history of breast cancer surgery.

PURPOSE: We investigated the usefulness of abbreviated breast MRI (AB-MRI), including fat-suppressed T2-weighted imaging, pre- and postcontrast image acquisition, and subtracted maximum-intensity projection imaging, for the screening of women with a history of breast cancer surgery.

METHODS: Between October 2014 and March 2016, a total of 799 AB-MRI examinations were performed for 725 women with a history of breast cancer surgery. The image acquisition time was 8.5 min. Screening mammography, ultrasound, and AB-MRI were generally performed around the same time. The cancer detection rate, positive predictive values for recall and biopsy, sensitivity and specificity of screening MRI, and rate of malignancy belonging to each breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) category were assessed.

RESULTS: AB-MRI detected 12 malignancies in 12 women (15.0 cancers per 1000 cases). Seven of these 12 malignancies were initially invisible on ultrasound and mammography, although subsequent targeted ultrasound revealed lesions corresponding to the MRI-detected lesions. The positive predictive values for recall and biopsy and sensitivity and specificity values for screening MRI were 12.4, 61.5, 100, and 89.2%, respectively. The rates of malignancies belonging to categories 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the BI-RADS were 0, 0, 4.8, and 57.1%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic performance of screening AB-MRI for women with a history of breast cancer surgery is acceptable, with the advantages of short examination and interpretation times and low costs. Thus, it could be used as a main screening modality that may replace conventional imaging in breast cancer survivors.