A comparative study of changes of autophagy in rat models of CLP versus LPS induced sepsis.

In the present study, two different rat models of sepsis, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), were established. Changes in autophagy in both models were compared using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction techniques. Consequently, TEM analysis revealed autophagic bodies in the CLP and LPS sepsis models. In addition, autophagy-related protein LC3 A-specific staining was detected in the cytoplasm. However, analysis of protein and gene expression levels revealed a statistically significant increase in autophagic activity 12 and 24 h following induction of the CLP group, and 2 h following induction of the LPS group. Thus, it was concluded that both models of sepsis exhibited increased autophagic activity of the cardiomyocytes over time. The LPS model was superior to the CLP model in perturbation of molecular biological mechanisms, while the latter would be more likely suited for the study of physiological functions.