Liquid bridging of cylindrical colloids in near-critical solvents.

Within mean field theory, we investigate the bridging transition between a pair of parallel cylindrical colloids immersed in a binary liquid mixture as a solvent that is close to its critical consolute point Tc . We determine the universal scaling functions of the effective potential and of the force between the colloids. For a solvent that is at the critical concentration and close to Tc , we find that the critical Casimir force is the dominant interaction at close separations. This agrees very well with the corresponding Derjaguin approximation for the effective interaction between the two cylinders, while capillary forces originating from the extension of the liquid bridge turn out to be more important at large separations. In addition, we are able to infer from the wetting characteristics of the individual colloids the first-order transition of the liquid bridge connecting two colloidal particles to the ruptured state. While specific to cylindrical colloids, the results presented here also provide an outline for identifying critical Casimir forces acting on bridged colloidal particles as such and for analyzing the bridging transition between them.