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JOURNAL ARTICLE
RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T
When knowing is not enough: Emotional distress and depression reduce the positive effects of health literacy on diabetes self-management.
Patient Education and Counseling 2018 Februrary
OBJECTIVES: Adequate self-management activities are important predictors of diabetes outcomes. As diabetes literacy and self-efficacy are strong predictors of diabetes self-care, self-management education programs focus essentially on these factors. This study investigated whether emotional distress or depression moderates the relation between health literacy, self-efficacy and diabetes self-care behaviors.
METHODS: 128 people with type 2 diabetes were recruited in hospitals, through general practitioners and via a diabetes website, and completed a questionnaire assessing health literacy, self-efficacy, diabetes-related distress, depression and self-care behaviors.
RESULTS: Multiple regression analysis confirms that health literacy and self-efficacy significantly predict reported self-care behaviors. Additional regression analyses reveal that distress or depression do not predict self-care behaviors directly, but moderate the effect of health literacy, which has a weaker impact in patients experiencing distress or depression. In contrast, distress and depression do not moderate the effect of self-efficacy on diabetes self-care behaviors.
CONCLUSION: Emotional distress, whether related to diabetes or not, prevents patients from acting on their competence to perform adequate self-management behaviors.
PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Diabetes Professionals should pay more attention to the patients' affective state and its influence on self-care. Psychological support should be integrated in the care for people suffering from type 2 diabetes.
METHODS: 128 people with type 2 diabetes were recruited in hospitals, through general practitioners and via a diabetes website, and completed a questionnaire assessing health literacy, self-efficacy, diabetes-related distress, depression and self-care behaviors.
RESULTS: Multiple regression analysis confirms that health literacy and self-efficacy significantly predict reported self-care behaviors. Additional regression analyses reveal that distress or depression do not predict self-care behaviors directly, but moderate the effect of health literacy, which has a weaker impact in patients experiencing distress or depression. In contrast, distress and depression do not moderate the effect of self-efficacy on diabetes self-care behaviors.
CONCLUSION: Emotional distress, whether related to diabetes or not, prevents patients from acting on their competence to perform adequate self-management behaviors.
PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Diabetes Professionals should pay more attention to the patients' affective state and its influence on self-care. Psychological support should be integrated in the care for people suffering from type 2 diabetes.
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