The degree of suffering among pregnant women with a history of violence, help-seeking, and police reporting.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the degree of self-reported suffering following violent incidents and the prevalence of police reporting as well as other help-seeking behaviour among women in early pregnancy with history of violence.

STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional design. 1939 pregnant women≥18years were recruited prospectively between March 2012 and September 2013 in south-west Sweden. Of those, 761 (39.5%) reported having a history of violence, and they comprised the cohort investigated in the present study. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square analysis, and T-test were used for the statistical calculations.

RESULTS: More than four of five women (80.5%) having a history of emotional abuse (n=374), more than half (52.4%) having history of physical abuse (n=561), and almost three of four (70.6%) who experienced sexual abuse (n=302) reported in the early second trimester of their pregnancy that they still suffered from their experience. Of those women who had experienced emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, 10.5%, 25.1%, and 18.0%, respectively, had never disclosed their experiences to anyone. At most, a quarter of the abused women had reported a violent incident to the police.

CONCLUSIONS: All midwives and other actors who meet women with experience of abuse need to have increased knowledge about the long-term consequences of all types of abuse. Increased routine questioning of pregnant women about history of violence would help to prevent experiences of violence from affecting pregnancy and childbirth negatively and facilitate the provision of help and support.