Unexpected papilledema in a young male with Type 1 diabetes.

In young patients with T1D, neurological manifestations of cerebral hypertension should suggest the possibility of a cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). In these patients an inherited prothrombotic risk factor, including factor V Leiden G1691A gene mutation, should be considered during an event of thrombosis. Improving the glycemic control is the first factor that should be controlled in a patient who carries a genetic prothrombotic risk factor. Anticoagulant treatment should be started as son as CVST has been diagnosed. Long-term antithrombotic treatment with tinzaparin 175 IU/kg/day, a low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH), could be reliable and well tolerated, although an indefinite special follow-up, including neurological controls, is advisable even in asymptomatic patients.