Long-term efficient control of SIV infection in macaques is associated with an intact intestinal barrier.

Hallmarks of SIV infection are early depletion of gut CD4 T cells and diminished intestinal integrity. Comprehensive studies on colon biopsies of SIV-infected macaques efficiently controlling infection revealed that in contrast to viremic and failing controllers, elite controllers show preserved CD4 T cells, and low viral load, apoptosis, and inflammation.