We have located links that may give you full text access.
Journal Article
Review
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods for the intracellular determination of drugs and their metabolites: a focus on antiviral drugs.
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 2017 October
Understanding the efficacy and/or toxicity of most drugs requires effective intracellular measurements of the drug and its metabolites. Nevertheless, the most common plasma marker of the biological effect of the drug is the area under the curve. Compared with drug determination in whole blood or urine, various difficulties occur in the development of analytical methods for intracellular measurements. We propose step-by-step guidelines to develop an analytical method exploring intracellular concentrations of antivirals and/or their metabolites. These guidelines are illustrated with the most sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods developed for human in vivo and in vitro studies. We summarize 18 studies that provided methods to explore intracellular concentrations of antivirals since 2002. To explore intracellular metabolites, two different approaches can be envisaged. The direct approach, most frequently using ion-pairing agents, is fast and requires only a small sample but is expensive. The indirect approach is the more widely used approach, but is cumbersome and time-consuming. In both cases, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry has become the method of choice to determine intracellular drug concentrations with high sensitivity. These methods may increase our understanding of drug behavior in organisms. This is true for preclinical studies where the mechanism of action, the metabolism, and the toxicity of drugs are explored. It is also true for clinical applications when dose adjustment is needed and cannot rely on blood concentrations. Graphical Abstract Direct and indirect approaches to measure intracellular concentrations.
Full text links
Related Resources
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app
All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2024 by WebMD LLC.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.
By using this service, you agree to our terms of use and privacy policy.
Your Privacy Choices
You can now claim free CME credits for this literature searchClaim now
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app