[Diagnosis and management of acquired immune haemolytic anaemia excluding neoplasia. Adequacy with the current guidelines published in 2009].

OBJECTIVES: Describe the management of Acquired Immune Haemolytic Anaemia (AIHA) and correlate with the current guidelines published in 2009. The secondary objective was to calculate the positive predictive value of the Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT) for the diagnosis of AIHA.

METHODS: A retrospective and monocentric study was performed from 2010 to 2015 based on positive DATs, identified in the French Blood Agency database or in medical files. All patients managed for initial diagnosis or relapse of AIHA were included, excluding neoplasia.

RESULTS: Six hundred and twenty-three patients had a positive DAT, 42 had non-neoplastic AIHA. Thirty-nine patients were included, 32 had warm antibodies, 5 had a negative DAT and 2 had cold antibodies. No cause was found for 46% (17/37) of the warm antibody and negative DATs AIHAs. Autoimmune disease was found in 11 cases (30%), infection in 4 cases (11%). The etiologic investigations were consistent with the guidelines in 49% of cases. Corticosteroids were first prescribed, as recommended. Second-line treatments were rituximab in 9 cases, splenectomy in 4 cases and azathioprine in 3 cases. The management of cold antibody AIHA complied with the guidelines. The positive predictive value of DATs in hospitalized population was of 14% (85/610).

CONCLUSION: AIHA guidelines seem insufficiently applied in our center.