Vasculitis in the Central Nervous System.

Central nervous system (CNS) vasculitides are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by an inflammatory cell infiltration and necrosis of blood vessel walls in the brain, spinal cord, and the meninges. The CNS complications are likely to be fatal without judicious use of immunosuppression; thus, early diagnosis may prevent from damage and disability. This chapter updates our knowledge on CNS vasculitis-related immunological mechanisms, neurological complications, diagnosis, and management.