[The assessment of risk factors for glucose metabolism disorders].

AIM: The aim of the study was to assess risk factors for glucose metabolism disorders.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 197 people, 92 women and 105 men aged 63.21±8.74 years. In order to assess glucose metabolism disorders, patients were divided into three groups. The first group (DM) consisted of 60 people (16 women and 44 men aged 61.92±8.46 years). These were people with type 2 diabetes. Second group (IFG IGT) consisted of 67 people (35 women and 32 men aged 65±8.5 years). These were people who were diagnosed with impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. The third group, the control one (K) consisted of 70 people (41 women and 29 men aged 62.6±9.06 years). They were healthy individuals. Age, BMI, blood pressure, heart rate, pulse pressure, lipids in the blood serum, serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), the number of pack-years were assessed. Each patient responded to diabetes risk questionnaire.

RESULTS: Univariate analyzes showed statistically significant differences between groups due to: systolic blood pressure, heart rate, pulse pressure, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, the number of points obtained in diabetes risk questionnaire, serum creatinine and GFR. Multivariate analyzes demonstrated that in IFG IGT group independent risk factors that increased the risk of prediabetes were elevated levels of total cholesterol (OR 1,945, 95%CI [1,195-3,166], p=0,007) and the result of the diabetes risk questionnaire (OR 1,191, 95%CI [1,061-1,337], p=0,003). In diabetes mellitus (DM) group independent risk factors that increased the risk of diabetes were pulse pressure (OR 1,123, 95%CI [1,063-1,188], p<0,001) and the result of the diabetes risk questionnaire. Independent risk factor that lowered the risk of diabetes (OR 0,068, 95%CI [0,018-0,251], p<0,001) and prediabetes (OR 0,324, 95%CI [0,109-0,969], p=0,044) was higher serum HDL cholesterol.

CONCLUSIONS: Elevated level of total cholesterol and the result of the diabetes risk questionnaire are independent risk factors that increase the risk of prediabetes. Puls pressure and the result of the diabetes risk questionnaire are independent risk factors that increase the risk of diabetes. Independent risk factor that lowers the risk of glucose metabolism disorders is higher serum HDL cholesterol.