Characterization of a PRISTANE-induced lupus-associated model in the non-human primate cynomolgus monkey.

BACKGROUND: Lupus is an autoimmune disease with complex syndrome. Rodent models have limitations for recapitulating the spectrum of the disease. A more powerful translational model is desirable.

METHOD: Lupus-associated model in cynomolgus monkeys was induced by two intraperitoneal injections of 2, 6, 10, 14-tetramethylpentadecane (PRISTANE). Lupus-specific biomarkers and manifestations over a 246-day period were observed at multilevel. To visualize and quantify kidney function in real time, contrast-enhanced ultrasound was used.

RESULTS: The indicative biomarkers and manifestations fulfilled major diagnosis criteria according to the "Criteria of Lupus" of the American College of Rheumatology. Significant changes in time-intensity curve parameters were observed, indicating impaired renal function and the method as a feasible, non-invasive diagnostic method in primate model.

CONCLUSIONS: We successfully induced lupus-associated model with systemic lupus syndrome. This primate model can be a valuable translational model for further pathogenesis and symptomology studies and for exploring therapeutic candidates.