Wolman Disease: A Mimic of Infant Leukemia.

BACKGROUND: Infant leukemia most commonly present with pallor and hepatosplenomegaly. The possibility of other differential diagnosis also has to be kept in mind during evaluation, as identifying the precise etiology for this clinical presentation is crucial for management.

OBSERVATION: An infant, was referred to us with suspected infant leukemia and was subsequently diagnosed to have lysosomal acid lipase deficiency/Wolman disease with a novel 5 bp deletion "c.1180_1184del" in the last exon (exon 10) of the lipase A (LIPA) gene.

CONCLUSIONS: Hepatosplenomegaly and pallor resulting from nutritional deficiency or bone marrow involvement in Wolman disease can mimic infant leukemia.