Mosaic trisomy 1q: a recurring chromosome anomaly that is a diagnostic challenge and is associated with a Fryns-like phenotype.

OBJECTIVE: Trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 1 is a very rare cytogenetic anomaly that is difficult to diagnose because of tissue-limited mosaicism. This study aimed to further characterize the prenatal and post-natal findings associated with this anomaly, including the first reported chromosomal microarray finding.

METHOD: This is a retrospective study of six cases of mos 46,X,der(Y)t(Y;1)(q12;q21)/46,XY, diagnosed both prenatally and post-natally. Detailed clinical features and pregnancy outcome were documented.

RESULTS: Recurrent prenatal and post-natal features of our case series, as well as the previously reported cases, were described, suggesting a Fryns-like phenotype. A diagnosis of mosaic trisomy 1q is difficult to confirm post-natally in some cases because of the tissue provided for analysis, emphasizing the need to study multiple tissue types in cases of fetal loss with a suspected underlying chromosomal imbalance.

CONCLUSION: The overlap of clinical features between mosaic trisomy 1q and Fryns syndrome emphasizes the need to obtain appropriate samples for genetic analysis. The present cases and a review of the literature suggest that partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 1 is a distinct de novo clinical entity with low recurrence risk. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.