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Hydrothermal-precipitation preparation of CdS@(Er 3+ :Y 3 Al 5 O 12 /ZrO 2 ) coated composite and sonocatalytic degradation of caffeine.

Here, we reported a novel method to dispose caffeine by means of ultrasound irradiation combinated with CdS@(Er3+ :Y3 Al5 O12 /ZrO2 ) coated composite as sonocatalyst. The CdS@(Er3+ :Y3 Al5 O12 /ZrO2 ) was synthesized via hydrothermal-precipitation method and then characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS). After that, the sonocatalytic degradation of caffeine in aqueous solution was conducted adopting CdS@(Er3+ :Y3 Al5 O12 /ZrO2 ) and CdS@ZrO2 coated composites as sonocatalysts. In addition, some influencing factors such as CdS and ZrO2 molar proportion, caffeine concentration, ultrasonic irradiation time, sonocatalyst dosage and addition of several inorganic oxidants on sonocatalytic degradation of caffeine were investigated by using UV-vis spectra and gas chromatograph. The experimental results showed that the presence of Er3+ :Y3 Al5 O12 could effectively improve the sonocatalytic degradation activity of CdS@ZrO2 . To a certain extent some inorganic oxidants can also enhance sonocatalytic degradation of caffeine in the presence of CdS@(Er3+ :Y3 Al5 O12 /ZrO2 ). The best sonocatalytic degradation ratio (94.00%) of caffeine could be obtained when the conditions of 5.00mg/L caffeine, 1.00g/L prepared CdS@(Er3+ :Y3 Al5 O12 /ZrO2 ), 10.00mmol/LK2 S2 O8 , 180min ultrasonic irradiation (40kHz frequency and 50W output power), 100mL total volume and 25-28°C temperature were adopted. It seems that the method of sonocatalytic degradation caused by CdS@(Er3+ :Y3 Al5 O12 /ZrO2 ) displayspotentialadvantages in disposing caffeine.

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