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The effect of anesthesia on the ventilatory functions of patients with Maxillo-mandibular fixation.

BACKGROUND: Maxillo-mandibular fixation (MMF) is a procedure still routinely practiced in developing countries.

AIM: To determine the variations in pulmonary functions readings between cases treated under general anesthesia (GA) and those treated under local anesthesia (LA).

METHODOLOGY: A descriptive hospital-based study of 106 patients was carried out from January 2011- December 2012. Information was obtained using a questionnaire and all study subjects had their baseline lung functions and their post-operative daily lung function parameters measured for the first week and then weekly for the next five weeks. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and a P-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS: A total of 85 males and 21 females participated in the study. The means for age was 30.62±8.06, weight 63.92± 9.96 and BMI 23.21± 3.14 while the means for the pre-operative FVC, FEV1, and PEFR were 3.71 ± 0.70, 3.14± 0.51 and 8.18± 1.61 respectively. There was a statistically significant drop (p< 0.05) in the FVC, FEV1 and PEFR in the first post operative week. The drop in the lung function parameters were similar between the GA group and the LA group.

CONCLUSION: Maxillo-mandibular fixation causes a significant fall in pulmonary function parameters especially in the first 48 hours post-operatively irrespective of whether general or local anaesthesia was used at surgery. The pulmonary functions should be further monitored for more than 48 hours after surgery.

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