Autophagy-Dependent Beneficial Effects of Exercise.

Exercise has long been recognized as a powerful physiological stimulus for a wide variety of metabolic adaptations with implications for health and performance. The metabolic effects of exercise occur during and after each exercise bout and manifest as cumulative adaptive responses to successive exercise bouts. Studies on the beneficial effects of exercise have traditionally focused on the biosynthesis of metabolic proteins and organelles. However, the recycling of cellular components by autophagy has recently emerged as an important process involved in the adaptive responses to exercise. This review covers the regulation of autophagy by exercise, with emphasis on the potential autophagy-dependent beneficial effects of exercise.