Treatment of Complex, Combined Renal Artery Aneurysm and Renal Arteriovenous Fistula with Nephrectomy.

Renal artery aneurysms (RAAs) and renal arteriovenous fistulas (RAVFs) are rare lesions occurring in less than 1% of the population. Understanding treatment options is important in the care of these patients. Depending on the type of disease process, endovascular techniques, vascular bypass, renal autotransplantation, or nephrectomy may be indicated. The case reported describes a combined RRA and RAVF treated with nephrectomy.