Identification of the Formal +2 Oxidation State of Plutonium: Synthesis and Characterization of {Pu II [C 5 H 3 (SiMe 3 ) 2 ] 3 }<sup/>.

Over 70 years of chemical investigations have shown that plutonium exhibits some of the most complicated chemistry in the periodic table. Six Pu oxidation states have been unambiguously confirmed (0 and +3 to +7), and four different oxidation states can exist simultaneously in solution. We report a new formal oxidation state for plutonium, namely Pu2+ in [K(2.2.2-cryptand)][PuII Cp″3 ], Cp″ = C5 H3 (SiMe3 )2 . The synthetic precursor PuIII Cp″3 is also reported, comprising the first structural characterization of a Pu-C bond. Absorption spectroscopy and DFT calculations indicate that the Pu2+ ion has predominantly a 5f6 electron configuration with some 6d mixing.