Noninvasive surface damage assessment of bovine articular cartilage explants by reflected polarized light microscopy.

Articular surface damage is a hallmark of cartilage degeneration. Noninvasive assessment of cartilage microstructural alterations has potential clinical value. In this study, we use bovine patellofemoral articular cartilage explants treated with mechanical scraping and collagenase to create cartilage surface disruption, and use polarized reflectance microscopy to quantify alterations to surface and sub-surface microstructure. Reflected polarized signal was sensitive to mild damage to the cartilage surface, and highlighted disruptive alterations. The results indicate the efficacy of reflected polarized light microscopy in assessing the microstructural status of superficial articular cartilage.