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Tardive dyskinesia: 21st century may bring new treatments to a forgotten disorder.
Annals of Clinical Psychiatry : Official Journal of the American Academy of Clinical Psychiatrists 2017 May 2
BACKGROUND: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a condition that was first described nearly 60 years ago. Despite the tremendous amount of research on pathophysiology and numerous follow-up studies to understand the course and prognosis of TD, effective treatment of the condition continued to elude us until recently.
METHODS: We review and summarize clinical literature on TD, as well as provide an update on new treatments available.
RESULTS: The emergence of tetrabenazine as a treatment modality decreased suffering and improved quality of life for patients. New agents such as valbenazine, deutetrabenazine, and branched-chain amino acids continue to provide relief to patients, without the troublesome side effects of tetrabenazine.
CONCLUSIONS: There continues to be a substantial prevalence rate for the condition with the use of first-generation and second-generation antipsychotics. Because of the potential irreversible nature, legal implication, and high prevalence of TD, we advocate for more research on new treatments for the disorder.
METHODS: We review and summarize clinical literature on TD, as well as provide an update on new treatments available.
RESULTS: The emergence of tetrabenazine as a treatment modality decreased suffering and improved quality of life for patients. New agents such as valbenazine, deutetrabenazine, and branched-chain amino acids continue to provide relief to patients, without the troublesome side effects of tetrabenazine.
CONCLUSIONS: There continues to be a substantial prevalence rate for the condition with the use of first-generation and second-generation antipsychotics. Because of the potential irreversible nature, legal implication, and high prevalence of TD, we advocate for more research on new treatments for the disorder.
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